What are common signs and symptoms of shock?

The correct answer identifies the typical physiological responses the body exhibits in response to shock. Increased heart rate and increased respiratory rate occur as the body tries to compensate for inadequate circulation and oxygen delivery to the tissues. This compensatory mechanism is commonly referred to as the body's attempt to maintain homeostasis when under stress.

Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is also a hallmark sign of shock as the body's fluid volume or vascular resistance decreases, leading to insufficient perfusion of vital organs. These signs reflect the body’s failure to maintain adequate blood flow and oxygenation to tissues, which is critical in the management of trauma patients.

The other options present combinations of signs and symptoms that do not accurately reflect the physiological response to shock. For instance, a decreased heart rate is not consistent with shock, as it usually indicates better perfusion and is not a compensatory mechanism. Similarly, hypertension does not align with the typical signs of shock, where blood pressure tends to drop due to low blood volume or impaired vascular function. Recognizing these specific signs and symptoms is critical for early identification and management of shock in trauma patients.